Poppies (Papaver), columbines (Aquilegia), buttercups (Ranunculus) and related species, are members of the order Ranunculales, the sister lineage to all other eudicots. Using coalescent and concatenated methods on 882 putatively single copy genes, we have developed a robust phylogeny including 27 species representing all major lineages within the Ranunculales and all tribes within the Papaveraceae.

Active learning in college classes and participation in the workforce frequently hinge on small group work. However, group dynamics vary, ranging from equitable collaboration to dysfunctional groups dominated by one individual. To explore how group dynamics impact student learning, we asked students in a large-enrollment university biology class to self-report their experience during in-class group work. Specifically, we asked students whether there was a friend in their group, whether they were comfortable in their group, and whether someone dominated their group.